During an expedition in the great outdoors, a wrong move, a fall, or a violent impact can lead to an injury to the bones or joints. These injuries, whether fractures, sprains, or dislocations, can severely limit mobility and jeopardize a mission or an outing in nature. Knowing how to identify, stabilize, and treat these injuries is essential to avoid complications and ensure a safe return.
In this article, discover how to manage a bone or joint injury in an isolated environment by applying first aid techniques and ensuring effective care.
Recognizing a Fracture: Signs and First Actions
A fracture occurs when a bone undergoes a break due to a violent impact or an inappropriate movement. It can be closed, when the bone remains under the skin, or open, when it pierces the skin and is exposed to the open air, which increases the risk of infection. The characteristic signs of a fracture include intense pain, a visible deformity of the limb, an inability to move, and sometimes rapid swelling. If the fracture is open, significant shock may be observed.
To react effectively, it is crucial to immediately immobilize the injured limb using a makeshift splint made of sticks or clothing. It is imperative not to attempt to realign the bone if a deformity is visible. In the case of an open fracture, the wound should be covered with a clean cloth and light compression applied to limit further injury. Any movement should be avoided and medical assistance should be sought as soon as possible.
The Sprain: Identify and React Quickly
A sprain occurs when a ligament is stretched or torn as a result of a sudden movement or excessive twisting. This type of injury is common in the ankles, knees, and wrists. Symptoms include immediate pain, rapid swelling, difficulty moving the joint, and sometimes a cracking sensation.
When a sprain occurs, it is essential to immediately apply cold to the affected area to limit inflammation. Immobilizing the joint with a piece of fabric or a splint helps prevent the injury from worsening. It is recommended to avoid putting weight on the affected area to not aggravate the pain. If the joint appears unstable and the pain is intense, a ligament tear may be suspected and require rapid medical attention.
Dislocation: An Emergency Not to Be Underestimated
A dislocation corresponds to the displacement of a bone out of its joint, making any movement impossible and causing extreme pain. It often occurs at the shoulder, elbow, fingers, or knee. The telltale signs are a visible deformity, intense pain, an immediate swelling, and an inability to move the joint.
In case of dislocation, here are the actions to prioritize. Never attempt to put the bone back in place, as this could cause further injury. The joint must be immobilized in its current position using a bandage, sling, or splint to prevent any worsening. Applying cold helps reduce inflammation and alleviate pain. As soon as possible, an evacuation to a medical center should be considered to obtain appropriate treatment.
The Importance of Good Asset Management
Whatever the bone or joint injury, a correct immobilization is essential to limit pain and prevent complications. In an isolated environment, a splint can be made from natural elements like sticks and fabric. It is crucial to ensure that it is well secured but not too tight to avoid cutting off blood circulation. If an immediate evacuation is not feasible, the condition of the injured person must be monitored closely. Good hydration and moral support help to prevent a state of shock that could worsen the situation.
Conclusion
Bone and joint injuries are common in hiking and expeditions, and can be debilitating if not properly managed. Quickly identifying a fracture, sprain, or dislocation, adopting the right actions, and ensuring effective immobilization are essential skills for any adventurer and survivalist.
The key to survival lies in anticipation and preparation: equip yourself with a first aid kit, practice basic skills, and always stay vigilant during your outdoor adventures.
