When one finds themselves in the great outdoors, on an expedition or in a survival situation, our physical condition becomes our best ally . However, in an environment where access to drinking water, food, and healthcare is limited, our body is put to the test. Fatigue, dehydration, infections, injuries: all risks that can quickly harm an adventure. Yet, with a good preparation and some essential reflexes , it is possible to preserve one's health and optimize performance in all circumstances.
In this article, we will explore the best practices for staying healthy in a hostile environment and avoid mistakes that could put you in danger.
Hygiene in the great outdoors: a barrier against infections
In a wild environment, microbes and bacteria proliferate and can quickly turn a simple oversight into a serious infection. Without access to a bathroom, it is essential to adopt simple gestures to ensure minimal hygiene and avoid illnesses.
Hand washing is one of the first reflexes to adopt. In the wild, our hands are in constant contact with contaminated surfaces, dirt, and stagnant water, which can lead to digestive or skin infections. Washing hands with clean water and biodegradable soap before eating and after each visit to the toilet is a golden rule.
Body hygiene must not be neglected either. Even without access to a shower, it is possible to clean sensitive areas (armpits, feet, hands, intimate parts) with a damp cloth or biodegradable wipes. Teeth should also be maintained, even with a simple chewed twig as a makeshift toothbrush.
Finally, it is advisable to keep the hair short and clean, as a dirty scalp can promote infections and parasites.
Preserving your feet: avoiding injuries and infections
During an expedition, your feet are your best ally. A simple blister or cut can quickly become a major problem, affecting your mobility and exposing you to risks of infection.
To avoid this, it is important to choose suitable shoes and wear them for several days before a long trip to prevent painful chafing. The socks should be dry and breathable to limit sweating and prevent the development of fungi.
At the end of the day, it is advisable to let your feet breathe and to check for any blisters or cuts. If a blister forms, do not puncture it immediately: a protective bandage may be enough to limit the pain. In the case of a punctured blister, it is essential to disinfect it immediately to prevent infection.
Camp maintenance: a clean environment for better health
A poorly maintained campsite can quickly become a breeding ground for bacteria, which increases the risks of diseases and food poisoning.
The first rule is to never leave your waste lying around. Food scraps should be buried far from the sleeping area to avoid attracting animals and to limit the proliferation of bacteria.
"It is also important to set up improvised latrines by digging a hole at least 20 cm deep, which should be covered after each use."
The water consumed must be collected and purified, as stagnant water can contain parasites and bacteria. The ideal is to use a portable filter, boil it, or add purification tablets before drinking.
Finally, the sleeping bag and clothes should be regularly aired out to prevent moisture and mold, which can lead to respiratory illnesses.
Manage fatigue and stress to maintain all your abilities
A tired body is less efficient, more vulnerable, and more prone to errors. Therefore, managing energy and sleep is essential to optimize performance and ensure safety.
"It is recommended to take regular breaks, especially during long walks. A 10-minute break per hour allows the body to recover without significantly slowing down progress."
Sleeping is also essential: even if the environment is difficult, it is important to prioritize sleep, even if it means organizing group shifts to secure the camp.
Finally, the mind plays a key role in survival. Stress and panic can lead to irrational decisions and increase energy consumption. Learning to control stress, staying calm and rational allows for better management of critical situations.
Nutrition: providing the body with the necessary energy
In a hostile environment, nutrition must be optimized to ensure a sufficient energy supply. A lack of nutrients can lead to decreased strength, increased fatigue, and a weakening of the immune system.
"It is important to have a sufficient caloric intake of at least 2,000 calories per day depending on the effort exerted."
The proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids must be balanced to maintain good endurance:
Proteins (dried meats, fish, nuts) aid in muscle recovery.
Carbohydrates (dried fruits, cereals, honey) provide quickly available energy.
Lipids (oils, seeds, cheese) provide long-lasting energy.
Hydration: prevent dehydration before it's too late
Dehydration is one of the greatest dangers in the wilderness. It can lead to decreased concentration, extreme fatigue, and even loss of consciousness.
"It is crucial to drink regularly, even in the absence of thirst."
The sources of water must be carefully selected: clear and flowing water is preferable to stagnant water. Any water found in the wild must be purified before consumption, using purification tablets, a portable water filter, or boiling for at least 5 minutes.
Conclusion
When one is in the wild or in survival situations, health becomes a key element of success and safety. Good hygiene, a suitable diet, and adequate hydration help to optimize endurance and protect against illnesses.
By adopting these best practices, you put all the odds in your favor to face any situation with complete peace of mind.
